--- CONSTITUTION OF INDIA ---
ARTICLE 19: Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of
speech, etc. -
ARTICLE 19: Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of
speech, etc.
19. Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of
speech, etc.-
(1) All citizens shall have the right-
(a) to freedom of speech and expression;
(b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
(c) to form associations or unions;
(d) to move freely throughout the territory of India;
(e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India;
_13[and] _14* * * * *
(g) to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade
or business.
_15[(2) Nothing in sub-clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the
operation of any existing law, or prevent the State from making any
law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable restrictions on the
exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause in the
interests of _16[the sovereignty and integrity of India,] the security
of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order,
decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation
or incitement to an offence.]
(3) Nothing in sub-clause (b) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of _16[the
sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order, reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said
sub-clause.
(4) Nothing in sub-clause (c) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of _16[the
sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order or morality,
reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the
said sub-clause.
(5) Nothing in _17[sub-clauses (d) and (e)] of the said clause shall
affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or
prevent the State from making any law imposing, reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of any of the rights conferred by the
said sub-clauses either in the interests of the general public or for
the protection of the interests of any Scheduled Tribe.
(6) Nothing in sub-clause (g) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of the general
public, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred
by the said sub-clause, and, in particular, _18[nothing in the said
sub-clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as
it relates to, or prevent the State from making any law relating to,-
(i) the professional or technical qualifications necessary for
practising any profession or carrying on any occupation, trade or
business, or
(ii) the carrying on by the State, or by a corporation owned orcontrolled by the State, of any trade, business, industry or service,
whether to the exclusion, complete or partial, of citizens or
otherwise].
(1) All citizens shall have the right-
(a) to freedom of speech and expression;
(b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
(c) to form associations or unions;
(d) to move freely throughout the territory of India;
(e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India;
_13[and] _14* * * * *
(g) to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade
or business.
_15[(2) Nothing in sub-clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the
operation of any existing law, or prevent the State from making any
law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable restrictions on the
exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause in the
interests of _16[the sovereignty and integrity of India,] the security
of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order,
decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation
or incitement to an offence.]
(3) Nothing in sub-clause (b) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of _16[the
sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order, reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said
sub-clause.
(4) Nothing in sub-clause (c) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of _16[the
sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order or morality,
reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the
said sub-clause.
(5) Nothing in _17[sub-clauses (d) and (e)] of the said clause shall
affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or
prevent the State from making any law imposing, reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of any of the rights conferred by the
said sub-clauses either in the interests of the general public or for
the protection of the interests of any Scheduled Tribe.
(6) Nothing in sub-clause (g) of the said clause shall affect the
operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the
State from making any law imposing, in the interests of the general
public, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred
by the said sub-clause, and, in particular, _18[nothing in the said
sub-clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as
it relates to, or prevent the State from making any law relating to,-
(i) the professional or technical qualifications necessary for
practising any profession or carrying on any occupation, trade or
business, or
(ii) the carrying on by the State, or by a corporation owned orcontrolled by the State, of any trade, business, industry or service,
whether to the exclusion, complete or partial, of citizens or
otherwise].
No comments:
Post a Comment
ADD